In modern cars, we can open the door from inside out and upside down as well. There are various shapes of the door as per the vehicle. It has a locking system to lock it when the vehicle is in motion. We can open the door with the help of the door handle. It is hinged at one side & able to open from the other side. The door is to provide access to go inside & outside of the vehicle. The fender protects it from a blowout in the air. In the UK, it is called a wing. Also, in the rainy season, when the vehicle is in motion, water gets sprayed. The function of the fender is to prevent rocks, liquid, sand, and other things get thrown into the air because of the fast rotation of the wheel. These stones & particles can be thrown outside from the tire surface at high velocity. Mud may adhere stones, and other particles can temporarily be stuck into tire grooves. The fender is the same as the mudguard of bikes. The fender is the frame that covers the wheel. The use of a good bumper ensures passenger safety up to a certain extent during vehicle crashes.Īs compared to the old design, the bumper looks like an integral part of modern cars. It shields the exhaust system, radiator, cooling systems, hoods, fenders, and headlights. Depending on the country standards & type of vehicle, bumper height varies.Ī bumper is very important to protect our pedestrians from becoming injured. The function of the bumper is to absorb a small collision force & to minimize the cost required for repairing. The bumper is the part of the vehicle attached to the front & rear end.